Clinical Presentations of the Survivor and Non-survivor Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in the Golestan Province of Iran during the First Peak of the Epidemics

Abdolahi, Nafiseh; Norouzi, Alireza; Golsha, Roghieh; Khodabakhshi, Behnaz; Sohrabi, Ahmad; Gharib, Mohammad Hadi; Khandashpoor, Mahmoud; Tavassoli, Samane; Peivandi, Babak; Fazel, Abdolreza; Isapanah Amlashi, Fazel; Livani, Somayeh; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Besharat, Sima; Shirzad-Aski, Hesamaddin

Clinical Presentations of the Survivor and Non-survivor Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in the Golestan Province of Iran during the First Peak of the Epidemics

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Nafiseh Abdolahi ¹

Alireza Norouzi ²

Roghieh Golsha ³

Behnaz Khodabakhshi ²^{, 3}

Ahmad Sohrabi ³^{, 4}

Mohammad Hadi Gharib ¹

Mahmoud Khandashpoor ⁵

Samane Tavassoli ¹

Babak Peivandi ⁵

Abdolreza Fazel ⁶^{, 7}

Fazel Isapanah Amlashi ²

Somayeh Livani ⁵

Gholamreza Roshandel ²

Sima Besharat ²^{, 3}^{, 5}

Hesamaddin Shirzad-Aski ³

¹ Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

² Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

³ Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

⁴ Cancer Control Research Center, Cancer Control Foundation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,

⁵ Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Sayad Shirazi Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

⁶ Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

⁷ Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Considering the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), we aimed to report the clinical features of 427 patients with COVID-19 and the outcomes after one-month admission to major teaching hospitals in the northeast of Iran.
Materials and Methods: Data of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from 20 February 2020 to 20 April 2020 was analyzed using the R software. The cases and their outcomes were monitored up to one month following their admission.
Results: Among 427 patients with a median age of 53 years (50.8% male), 81 (19%) were directly admitted to the ICU ward, and 68 (16%) died during the study. The mean (SD) lengths of hospital stay were significantly higher in the non-survivors (6 (9) days) than survivors (4 (5) days) (P = 0.018). Ventilation need was reported in 67.6% of the non-survivors and 0.8% of the survivors (P < 0.001). Cough (72.8%), fever (69.3%), and dyspnea (64.0%) were the most common symptoms. There were more comorbidities in the severe cases (73.5%) and non-survivor (77.5%). Liver and kidney damage were significantly more common in non-survivors. Ninety percent of the patients had at least one abnormal chest CT scan finding, including crazy paving and consolidation patterns (27.1%), followed by the ground-glass opacity (24.7%).
Conclusion: Results showed that the patients’ age, underlying comorbidities, levels of SpO₂, and laboratory findings at the time of admission may predict the progress of the disease and can be considered mortality-related factors.

Keywords

COVID-19

Hospitalization

Imaging

Outcome

SARS-CoV-2