National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran TANAFFOS (Respiration) 1735-0344 20 1 2021 01 01 A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Iranian Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: Perspective of Prevention, Care and Treatment 7 14 245198 EN Mahboubeh Farasat Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hero Khwrshid Hassan Department of English, College of Education, Bayan University, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq Niloufar Mirzaei Shahid Rahimi’s Hospital of Khoramabad, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khoramabad, Iran Ali Hasanpour Dehkordi Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahrekord University of Medical sciences, Shahrekord, Iran Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh Spiritual Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran Journal Article 2021 08 01 <strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic breathing disorder during sleep. It is prevalent among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and can increase its severity and mortality. Various studies have reported different results in Iran. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of OSA in Iranian patients with CVD.<br /><strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>In this study, eight papers published in Persian and English languages were reviewed. The articles were searched using the following keywords and all their possible combinations: “obstructive sleep apnea”, “sleep-disordered breathing”, “sleep apnea”, “OSA”, “cardiovascular disease”, “hypertension”, and “Iran”. Scientific databases, including the Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, were searched with no time limitations. Data were analyzed using a meta-analysis and a random effects model. Besides, heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Data analysis was performed in Stata version 11.<br /><strong>Results: </strong>The review of eight studies, with a total sample size of 1646 patients, showed that the prevalence of OSA was 59.21% (95% CI: 53.11-65.32) among CVD patients. Also, the prevalence of OSA was higher in men (60.12%; 95% CI: 60.12-82.54) than in women (41.01%; 95% CI: 16.08-65.94). Besides, it was estimated to be higher based on the STOP and STOP-BANG questionnaires (63%; 95% CI: 52.89-73.10) as compared to the Berlin questionnaire (56.63%; 95% CI: 49.20-64.06).<br /><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of Iranian CVD patients have OSA. Therefore, identifying high-risk patients to reduce the adverse effects of sleep apnea seems necessary. https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_245198_ad6e0de03166f5ddf4d3debae5191532.pdf