National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran TANAFFOS (Respiration) 1735-0344 12 2 2013 06 01 Visceral Leishmaniasis in Two Brothers; Diagnostic Dilemma Due to Hemophagocytic Syndrome 53 55 241032 EN Soheila Khalilzadeh Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran. Maryam Hassanzad Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran. Elaheh Heydarian Fard Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran. Atosa Dorudinia Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran. Ali Akabr Velayati Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran. Journal Article 2020 12 29 Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), a systemic infection of the reticuloendotherlial system, is caused by a parasitic infection. The co-occurrence of VL and hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) has been previously reported in several studies. In this report we present two cases of HPS and VL among members of the same family. https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_241032_5ec1ce0d87ea31164453bf2914ac5d80.pdf