National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran TANAFFOS (Respiration) 1735-0344 14 3 2015 10 01 Renal Lymphangiectasia: A Curious Cause of Pleural Effusion 213 216 240838 EN Amir Ahmad Nassiri Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Legha Lotfollahi Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mehrdad Bakhshayeshkaram Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Arda Kiani Tracheal Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Shirin Haghighi Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Ilad Alavi Darazam Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Farin Rashidfarokhi Telemedicine Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2020 12 27 Renal lymphangiectasia is a disorder of the lymphatic system of the kidneys, which can be congenital or acquired. Although the exact etiology remains unknown, an obstructive process resulting from several causes, including infection, inflammation or malignant infiltration, has been suggested to be responsible for the acquired form. This disorder may be associated with several pathologies. We report a case of a 24-year-old man with renal lymphangiectasia presenting with polycythemia, ascites and pleural effusion associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in an intravenous (IV) drug user. Our case is the first in the literature that shows an association between HCV infection and IV drug use. https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240838_d3da6bf70d9b43626a761e7fb631324b.pdf