National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Correlation of the Ratio of Upper Third to Lower Third Circumferences of the Chest with Obstructive Pattern in Spirometry
222
226
EN
Ali
Alavi Foumani
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Azin
Amin
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Azita
Tangestani Nejad
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Ehsan
Kazemnejad
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Fatemeh
Salamat
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Sara
Massahnia
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Amir
Hassankhani
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Lida
Khoshgozaran
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Akram
Mirfallah Nasiri
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Mahsa
Mohammadi
Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Center, Guilan
University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Background: Obstructive Lung Diseases (OLDs), could lead to progressive hyperinflation of the lungs that cause increased work of breathing, impaired gas exchanges and functional limitations in patients. In this study, thoracic circumference of patients in upper and lower third were measured directly and the association of the upper to lower third width of chest with spirometric parameters was evaluated. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, five hundred twenty nine consecutive patients, with obstructive pattern in spirometry (FEV1/FEVC<70% and FEV1<80%), and 143 controls with normal spirometry were entered. Demographic and clinical data including age, sex, smoking, type, duration and severity of disease and spirometric characteristics were recorded. Upper Third circumference of Chest (UTCC) at axillary level, and Lower Third circumference of Chest (LTCC) at lower rib edge, were measured with an ordinary tape meter.Asthma Control Test (ACT) questionnaire for asthmatic and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) questionnaire in COPD patients were completed. Results: We found that in patients with UTCC/LTCC ratio > 0.8, UTCC had significant correlation with FEV1 and FEV1/FVC (R: 0.069, 0.055); Moreover significant correlation was found in UTCC, LTCC and UTCC/LTCC ratio with ACT score in this subgroup (R: -0.123, -0.092, -0.124)On the other hand in patients with UTCC/LTCC ratio > 0.9 , UTCC and LTCC had significant correlation with FEV1 (R: 0.07, 0.051). Conclusion: UTCC/LTCC ratio > 0.8, may be a predictor of obstructive pattern in patients. This is more important in some occations, for example during preoprative evaluation of a patient in an emergency conditions which there is no enough time for performing appropriate diagnostic tests such as spirometry to reveal the type and severity of obstructive pulmonary diseases.
Spirometry,Lung Diseases, Obstructive
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240821.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240821_ae6ec3987d002e1dfd59fcebaaff9ff9.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Diagnostic Yield of Medical Thoracoscopy in Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
227
231
EN
Arda
Kiani
Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases
(NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Atefeh
Abedini
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mahmoud
Karimi
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Katayoun
Samadi
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Kambiz
Sheikhy
Lung Transplantation Research Center, National
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases
(NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Behrooz
Farzanegan
Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases
(NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mihan
Pour Abdollah
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Hamid Reza
Jabardarjani
Tracheal Diseases Research Center, National
Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases
(NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mohammad Reza
Masjedi
Chronic Respiratory Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Background: One of the most common indications for pleuroscopy is undiagnosed pleural effusion, which comprises about 25% of all cases of pleural effusions, which remain undiagnosed despite primary tests. Pleuroscopy was performed for the first time in Iran in Masih Daneshvari hospital located in Tehran. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic yield of pleuroscopy performed in this center in Iran. Materials and Methods: Three-hundred patients with undiagnosed pleural effusions were enrolled in this study. For all patients, primary tests including pleural effusion analysis, cytology and closed pleural biopsy (if needed) were conducted and all of them were inconclusive. The semirigid thoracoscopy (pleuroscopy) was performed for all patients for diagnostic purposes. Results: Eighty-seven percent of the peluroscopies were diagnostic and 67% of them were diagnosed as malignancy while the rest were diagnosed as tuberculosis. Only 11 patients developed minor complications. Conclusion: In conclusion, pleuroscopy is a safe procedure when performed by a skilled and experienced practitioner; it has a high diagnostic yield and results in only minor complications.
Pleuroscopy,Pleural effusion,Diagnosis,Thoracoscopy
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240822.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240822_639fd840fcb99b0de32c9d829b1e2d0c.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Effect of Orem’s Self-Care Model on Self-Esteem of Adolescents with Asthma Referred to an Asthma and Allergy Clinic in Isfahan
232
237
EN
Zeinab
Hemati
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty
of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Fatemeh
sadat Mosaviasl
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of
Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Samira
Abasi
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of
Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Zohre
Ghazavi
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Faculty
of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Davood
Kiani
Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences,
Shahrekord, Iran.
Introduction: Acquisition of chronic diseases such as asthma leads to psychological, mental and physical complications in adolescents, and hence their self-esteem may be compromised. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the effect of Orem’s self-care model on self-esteem of adolescents with asthma. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study enrolled 64 asthmatic adolescents referred to Shariati Hospital, Isfahan. Subjects were assigned to two groups of control and intervention consecutively. Then, the self-care training program was conducted according to Orem’s self-care model in eight two-hour sessions based on self-care needs, and self-esteem was measured in the two groups prior to and two months after the last training session. The data were collected by a questionnaire of demographic characteristics and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventories (CSEI) and analyzed by SPSS version 20. Results: Independent t-test showed a significant difference in the mean score of self-esteem between the intervention and control groups after the training (p <0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant prior to the intervention. Paired t-test showed a significant difference in the mean score of self-esteem before and after the training in the intervention group (p <0.01), but this difference was not statistically significant in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the effect of Orem’s self-care model on self-esteem of adolescents with asthma, we recommend the use of this model as a care intervention in healthcare centers to promote adolescents’ health.
Models, Nursing,Self Concept, Adolescent
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240823.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240823_6650f128a73bffdc3f9a383c35e7a355.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Smoking and Physical Activity in Healthy Adults: A CrossSectional Study in Tehran
238
245
EN
Gholamreza
Heydari
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center,
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung
Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mostafa
Hosseini
Department of
Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health,
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mahmoud
Yousefifard
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Hadi
Asady
Department of Occupational Health Engineering,
Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Masoud
Baikpour
School of Medicine, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Atena
Barat
Faculty of
Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Nursing,
Midwifery and Physiotherapy, University of Nottingham,
England.
Background: Smoking and physical inactivity are two major risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Not only these factors have a causal effect on NCDs, but they can also affect each other. This study aimed to assess the relationship between these factors as well as their effect on NCDs. Materials and Methods: A total of 2,602 healthy adults aged 30-60 years participated in this survey in 2010. Data on demographic characteristics, medical history, smoking status, physical activity and anthropometric measures including weight and height were collected and analyzed. The effect of smoking on physical activity was evaluated by logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Among demographic characteristics, only age (p <0.001) and educational level (p <0.001) had a significant association with smoking status. Compared with nonsmokers, smokers had an odds ratio of 4.88 (95% CI, 3.34- 7.13) for having unsatisfactory physical activity. Conclusion: The present study showed that cigarette smoking negatively affects the quality of physical activity.
Harm reduction,Health services,Smoking,Global health,Physical activity
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240824.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240824_d9e000a5caddfe2f4c2c62ad911d8169.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Use of Bispectral Index Score for Interventional Bronchoscopy Procedures
246
251
EN
Lida
Fadaizadeh
Telemedicine Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mahsa
Sadat Hoseyni
Telemedicine Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Elham
Shajareh
Telemedicine Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Gholamreza
Heydari
Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Seyed Hossein
Ardehali
Department of Critical Care, Shohadaye- Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
Background: Interventional bronchoscopic procedures are novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods in pulmonology, which may be unpleasant and dangerous to the patients; therefore, sedation and in some cases general anaesthesia are recommended. But adjusting the level of sedation is a challenge. In this study we intended to define a range of bispectral index (BIS) score suitable for these procedures.<br /> Materials and Methods: All patients referred to our interventional bronchoscopy unit were enrolled in the study. Sedation was induced using midazolam, sufentanil, and propofol with the patient breathing spontaneously. The target level of sedation was to reach a Ramsay sedation score of 3 and patient tolerance in performing the procedure. The BIS score was recorded at baseline and every five minutes thereafter. Correlation between different BIS values, propofol dosage, duration of procedure, and awakening time was evaluated.<br /> Results: A total of 70 patients were enrolled in this study with a mean age of 50± 16 years and 34 (48.6%) of them were males. The mean baseline BIS was 96±3.7, and the mean time to reach “stable BIS” (“stable time”) was 7.9±6 minutes. The mean “stable BIS” was 52±13.5 and 70% of patients had stable BIS between 40 and 60.<br /> Conclusion: BIS is a useful objective tool for evaluation of sedation, which can guide us through bronchoscopy and related procedures. According to our observational study, reaching the mean BIS level of 52±13.5 is required to prevent complications and ensure feasibility of the procedure.
Bispectral index,Bronchoscopy,intervention,Anaesthesia
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240825.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240825_f40f44a440da1c9ba8f868f74a92fbc4.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Tracheal Stenosis and Cuff Pressure: Comparison of Minimal Occlusive Volume and Palpation Techniques
252
256
EN
Ziae
Totonchi
Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical & Research Center,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Fatemeh
Jalili
Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical & Research Center,
Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Seyed Mohammadreza
Hashemian
Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center,
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung
Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Hamid Reza
Jabardarjani
Tracheal Diseases
Research Center, National Research Institute of
Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: Tracheal stenosis, which has received more emphasis recently, is a common post intubation complication and may develop due to different reasons. One important reason is the endotracheal tube cuff pressure. Therefore, this study sought to examine the accuracy of diagnostic test for palpation and minimal occlusive volume techniques to measure the endotracheal tube cuff pressure. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, the accuracy of diagnostic tests for palpation and minimal occlusive volume techniques to measure the endotracheal tube cuff pressure was assessed in 101 patients aged over 18 years who had undergone open heart surgery and post-surgical mechanical ventilation in the ICU. Results: In the palpation technique, the cuff pressure of 27 patients (26.7%) was reported to be out of the permissible range and for the rest of them (74 patients, 73.3%) it was within the permissible range. Then, the cuff pressure was checked by the standard method using a manometer and after comparing the results it was found that the cuff pressure of 92 patients (91.1%) was not in the permissible range and only nine patients (8.9%) had a cuff pressure within the permissible range (20-30 cm H2O). In minimal occlusive volume method compared with the standard method, 22 patients (21.7%) had cuff pressure within the permissible range of 20-30 cm H2O, and 79 of them (78.2%) had cuff pressure out of the permissible range and higher than the upper limit. Conclusion: This study recommends that the best way to measure the endotracheal tube cuff pressure is to use a cuff manometer, and when it is not available, the minimal occlusive volume would be a better alternative compared to the palpation technique to keep the cuff pressure within a proper range to avoid tracheotomy complications such as tracheal stenosis.
Trachea,Tracheal stenosis,Cuff pressure
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240826.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240826_a7fcf2848b20c31aa0b5cabcd0e1d14a.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Fungal Airborne Contamination as a Serious Threat for Respiratory Infection in the Hematology Ward
257
261
EN
Ali
Ghajari
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology,
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Ensieh
Lotfali
Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology,
School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Mansour
Azari
Safety Promotion and
Injury Prevention, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Roohollah
Fateh
Department of Microbiology and
Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Qom University of
Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran,
Saba
Kalantary
College of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences ,Tehran, Iran.
Background: Fungi existing in hospital departments may grow and produce micro-colonies. The spores arising from these micro-colonies circulate easily and could be inhaled by patients and cause infections in immune-compromised subjects. Due to the lack of an acceptable method of sampling and evaluation of microbiological quality of air in the isolation units, the purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of airborne fungi through active and passive sampling and also identify fungi genera in the air of the isolation unit. Materials and Methods: The air of the isolation unit was monitored through active and passive sampling. In passive sampling, the plates were placed in the room. The active sampling was performed in the hematology unit by using a slit-to-agar biological air sampler with a flow rate of 10 L/minute. Plates were incubated at 30°C for 10 days and were examined daily for fungal growth. Fungal species were identified on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic morphological features. Results: In active samples, Penicillium spp. was the predominant genus (66.8%), followed by Aspergillus spp. (23.9%) and Cladosporium spp. (2.5%). Yeast spp. accounted for only 2.2% of the isolated fungi. In passive samples, Penicillium spp. (94.4%) was the most frequently found fungi, followed by Aspergillus spp (2.2%), Cladosporium spp. (1.1%) and Yeast spp. (0.5%). The identified genera included Penicillium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Mucorales, Cladosporium, Yeasts and other filamentous fungi. Conclusion: Active and passive sampling can be used for monitoring the fungal content of air. Assessment of fungal contamination profiles in hospitals may provide important information about the level of fungal concentration in the hospitals and for the control of nosocomial infections. In addition, installation of special ventilation systems equipped with HEPA filters in hematology wards could enhance the quality of air. Also, observing sanitary protocols for disinfection of the surfaces is imperative for infection control.
Fungal contamination,Active and passive sampling,Hematology unit
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240827.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240827_fe84303a53a54854a192a5ec86f7c1fd.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Health Care Associated Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS): A Case from Iran
262
267
EN
Afshin
Moniri
Virology Research Center, National Research Institute
of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Majid
Marjani
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research
Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Payam
Tabarsi
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research
Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Davood
Yadegarynia
Infectious Diseases and
Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Seyed Alireza
Nadji
Virology Research Center, National Research Institute
of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid
Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection, has caused recurrent outbreaks worldwide. It is associated with severe morbidity and mortality, and is not treatable with the currently available antiviral therapies. We present a case of a 43 year-old male healthcare provider, who admitted with productive cough, dyspnea, myalgia, pleuritic chest pain and fever. Computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral ground glass opacities and consolidation. Sputum polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MERS-coronavirus was positive.
MERS-Coronavirus,Infection control,Respiratory
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240828.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240828_c73587d9c0ded962ad83c436bae9f5c9.pdf
National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
TANAFFOS (Respiration)
1735-0344
2345-3729
14
4
2015
12
01
Pulmonary Paecilomyces in a Diabetic Patient
268
271
EN
Sara
Abolghasemi
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious
Disease and Clinical Immunology, National Research
Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD),
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran,
Payam
Tabarsi
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research
Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Parvaneh
Adimi
Department of Medical
Mycology and Parasitology, Islamic Azad University,
Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
Arda
Kiani
Tracheal
Diseases Research Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Samaneh
Dolatshahi
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious
Disease and Clinical Immunology, National Research
Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD),
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran,
Davood
Mansouri
Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research
Center, NRITLD, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
Paecilomyces species are among the most frequent saprophytes. Two species namely Paecilomyces lilacinus and Paecilomyces variotii are the most frequently isolated species from humans. Fungemia, endocarditis peritonitis, osteomyelitis and rarely pneumonia have been reported. We report a 74-year old diabetic woman with Paecilomyces variotii pneumonia. Paecilomyces variotii is a rare cause of pneumonia and in our knowledge, our case is the first case of pleural effusion due to this fungus.
Paecilomyces variotii,Diabetic patient,Pleural effusion
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240829.html
https://www.tanaffosjournal.ir/article_240829_ed820ca8247de96a23e7dec7d300c9fd.pdf